Treatment-naïve first episode depression classification based on high-order brain functional network.

•High-order functional connectivity networks can capture dynamic and higher-level brain functional interactions, indicating potential value for treatment-naïve, first episode depression diagnosis.•The default mode network, central executive network, and salience network are regarded as three major higher cognitive function-related “core networks” in treatment-naïve, first episode depression.•The high-level interactions between cerebellar and cerebral regions could be the key neuroimaging indications in depression.