Laser-Assisted Multiscale Fabrication of Configuration-Editable Supercapacitors with High Energy Density.

The construction of multi-dimensional, diversified micro-supercapacitors (MSC) is urgently needed for the fast-changing flexible and wearable microelectronics, which still meets challenges of tedious construction and difficult integration. Herein, a laser direct writing strategy has been developed for the one-step preparation of multiscale MSCs from editable macro-supercapacitors. The micro-structured supercapacitors with predefined multiscale shapes not only maintain the high capacitance performance and stability, but also display the tensile properties in arbitrary direction. The heat-treated ion liquid modified reduced graphene oxide guarantees the thermal-stability of electrode material during laser cutting, and its high ion-accessible surface area improves the capacitance performance of the supercapacitor. The as-fabricated MSC demonstrates a wide voltage window (0-3V), high areal specific capacitance (27.4 mF cm) and high energy density (32.1 μW h cm), which are far higher than those of most reported articles. Notably, the editable supercapacitors can imitate the stereo paper cutting to achieve arbitrary one dimensional to three-dimensional configuration, promising for various portable, stretchable, and wearable devices.