Meteorological Variables’ Influence on Electric Power Generation for Photovoltaic Systems Located at Different Geographical Zones in Mexico

In this study, the relation among different meteorological variables and the electrical power from photovoltaic systems located at different selected places in Mexico were presented. The data was collected from on-site real-time measurements from Mexico City and the State of Sonora. The statistical estimation by the gradient descent method demonstrated that solar radiation, outdoor temperature, wind speed, and daylight hour influenced the electric power generation when it was compared with the real power of each photovoltaic system. According to our results, 97.63% of the estimation results matched the real data for Sonora and 99.66% the results matched for Mexico City, achieving overall errors less than 7% and 2%, respectively. The results showed an acceptable performance since a satisfactory estimation error was achieved for the estimation of photovoltaic power with a high determination coefficient R-2.