Identification and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Bikesharing-Metro Integration Cycling.

An essential function of dockless bikesharing (DBs) is to serve as a feeder mode to the metro. Optimizing the integration between DBs and the metro is of great significance for improving metro travel efficiency. However, the research on DBs-Metro Integration Cycling (DBsMIC) faces challenges such as insufficient methods for identification and low identification accuracy. In this study, we improve the enhanced two-step floating catchment area and incorporate Bayes' rule to propose a method to identify DBsMIC by considering the parameters of time, distance, environmental competition ratio, and POI service power index. Furthermore, an empirical study is conducted in Shenzhen to verify the higher accuracy of the proposed method. Their spatiotemporal behavior pattern is also explored with the help of the kernel density estimation method. The research results will help managers improve the effective redistribution of bicycles, promote the coupling efficiency between transportation modes, and achieve sustainable development of urban transportation.