Highly efficient extraction of thorium from aqueous solution by fungal mycelium-based microspheres fabricated via immobilization

•FPFMs are based on the conjunction of both γ-Fe2O3 and PDA onto fungal mycelia.•FPFMs fabricated via immobilization exhibit excellent Th(IV) adsorption performance.•The chelation, coordination and ion-exchange play an important role in adsorption.•FPFMs could be used for repairing multiple types of nuclide-polluted aqueous system.