First Reported Case of Pediatric Radiation Treatment With Magnetic Resonance Image Guided Radiation Therapy

Abstract Magnetic-resonance image-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) has been increasingly used across a spectrum of cancer diagnoses since its clinical debut in 2014. MRgRT has been demonstrated to improve the dosimetric therapeutic index of radiation treatment through a combination of improved daily setup accuracy, the opportunity for daily online plan adaptation, and real-time cine-MRI tumor motion tracking with beam gating directly upon the target volume. For the pediatric population, MRgRT may aid in the sparing of normal tissues while maintaining target coverage. We present the first reported use of MRgRT to treat a pediatric patient, in the case of a 3-year-old child with IRS Stage III, Group I embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm.