Adverse effect of material absorption on stopped light hollow waveguides with negative index metamaterial cladding

We theoretically analyze the influence of absorption losses on a hollow waveguide with negative index cladding. The losses modify the waveguide dispersion relations; thereby it has a significant effect on the ability to stop the light. The negative index metamaterial cladding with reasonable absorption losses indicates that the losses render the light trapping difficult in such waveguides. (C) 2019 Optical Society of America