Body thermal responses and the vagus nerve

•Some vagal afferents are thermosensitive and may mediate visceral thermal reflexes.•The Vagus nerve is critical for the neuro-immune axis but may not contribute to infection and inflammation induced fever.•The vagus nerve is involved in metabolism and energy expenditure, but its role in temperature control is unclear.•Cell-type specific genetic analysis would help reveal the precise role of the vagus nerve in thermoregulation.