Blossoming 20: The Energetic Regulator's Birthday Unveils its Versatility in Cardiac Diseases

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. (PPAR.) coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) was first identified in 1998 as a PGC-1 family member that regulates adaptive thermogenesis and mitochondrial function following cold exposure in brown adipose tissue. The PGC-1 family has drawn widespread attention over the past two decades as the energetic regulator. We recently summarized a review regarding PGC-1 signaling pathway and its mechanisms in cardiac metabolism. In this review, we elaborate upon the PGC-1 signaling network and highlight the recent progress of its versatile roles in cardiac diseases, including myocardial hypertrophy, peripartum and diabetic cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. The information reviewed here may be useful in future studies, which may increase the potential of this energetic regulator as a therapeutic target.