Rapid response of fossil tetraether lipids in lake sediments to seasonal environmental variables in a shallow lake in central China: Implications for the use of tetraether-based proxies

•Seasonal variation in core lipid (CL) GDGTs found in lake surface sediments.•Significant amount of GDGTs produced in situ in the lake sediments.•CL GDGT-0/Crenarchaeol in the surface sediments correlated with dissolved oxygen.•MBT′6ME in the surface sediments correlated with seasonal temperature.•Seasonal variation of isoGDGTs and brGDGTs in SPM was affected by precipitation.