Les levures du clade CTG (clade Candida) : biologie, incidence en santé humaine et applications en biotechnologie

Among the subdivision of Saccharomycotina (ascomycetes budding yeasts), the CTG Glade (formerly the Candida Glade) includes species that display a particular genetic code. In these yeasts, the CTG codon is predominantly translated as a serine instead of a leucine residue. It is now well-known that some CTG Glade species have a major impact on human and its activities. Some of them are recognized as opportunistic agents of fungal infections termed candidiasis. In addition, another series of species belonging to the CTG Glade draws the attention of some research groups because they exhibit a strong potential in various areas of biotechnology such as biological control, biorernediation, but also in the production of valuable biocompounds (biofuel, vitamins, sweeteners, industrial enzymes). Here we provide an overview of recent advances concerning the biology, clinical relevance, and currently tested biotechnological applications of species of the CTG Glade. Future directions for scientific research on these particular yeasts are also discussed. (C) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.