The Modulation Effect of Triglyceride Type and Phospholipids Type ω-3 LCPUFA on Mice Gut Microbiota

The evaluation from prospective cohort studies on the dietary ω-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplementation and nutritional value is consistent. However, the effect of different types of ω-3 long-chain PUFA (ω-3 LCPUFA) on microbiota in intestine is inconsistent. In this study, the mice were divided into three groups (N, PL, FO), with AIN-93M (N), AIN-93M + Phospholipids type ω-3 LCPUFA (PL) and AIN-93M + triglyceride type ω-3 LCPUFA (FO), respectively. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to detect the structure of intestinal microbiota. The data showed that the composition of gut microbiota was changed by treating with the two types of ω-3 LCPUFA. The results revealed that gut microbiota’ enrichment in FO group was decreased while in PL group was increased. The data also showed that the histological morphology of the small intestine in treated mice was improved especially in group PL, which was much more significant and suggested that Phospholipids type ω-3 LCPUFA is beneficial to intestinal health.