A fundamental 229–240 GHz VCO with integrated dynamic frequency divider chain

A fundamental 229–240 GHz voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) driving directly a divide-by-8 dynamic frequency divider chain is presented. To our best knowledge, this is the highest reported fundamental VCO integrated with a frequency divider in silicon. Furthermore, the high-frequency divider operational range up to 240 GHz is a record value for dynamic dividers in silicon. The down-converted signal ( T /fmax = 250/370 GHz.