Recent Advancements in Vitreoretinal Techniques – A Critical Reappraisal

The purpose of this review is to stimulate a debate and doubts about future trends in vitreoretinal surgery and social and economic implications. We want to share with our colleagues the challenges of modern ophthalmic surgery in the era of technocratic medicine with the goal to conjugate the technological progress with economic sustainability and equity of access to health facilities and services. The increased possibilities provided by technology result in an increased responsibility. That is, there is no technological imperative, but technology promotes a moral imperative; in particular, it promotes a moral imperative to proper assessment. We offer a historical and economic reappraisal of recent advancements in vitreoretinal surgery since 2002 to today’s state of the art in macular surgery and retinal detachment surgery.