Genetic identification of newborns in Peru: A pilot study.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of genetic identification in a group of newborns from a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Material and Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out by the National Registry of Identification and Civil Status of Peru, on live newborns and their mothers, from the Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz Hospital (Puente Piedra, Lima) during January. 2015. The samples were collected in FTA (Fast Technology for Analysis of nucleic acids) cards that allowed a direct analysis by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and capillary electrophoresis of 21 STR markers (Short Tandem Repeats), including the amelogenin marker for gender determination. Results: 44 mothers and 45 newborns were included (there was a twin birth). The probability of maternity was higher than 99.9% in all cases. There were no difficulties in the sampling or in transporting the material. The obtained biological material was enough to collect DNA to identify the newborn. Conclusions: The genetic identification procedure was possible to perform in this hospital. Stages of the process that could be improved were identified for the eventual application of this procedure on a larger scale in Peru.