Are There Any Sensors in Oral Cavity for Gut Hormone Release?

Purpose of Review This brief review will present recent research findings regarding to the gut hormone secretions in the oral cavity to maintain the energy metabolism from the mouth to the whole body. Recent Findings The existence of the gut hormones, such as incretins, neuropeptides, and ghrelin, in the saliva and taste buds in mammals is evident; however, the localization patterns of each gut hormones and their cognitive receptors are diverse and not yet clearly defined for their roles. It has been certainly explored that gut hormones expressed in the oral cavity have potentials to functionate on the taste signaling, appetite, and whole-body metabolism. Summary The oral cavity locates at the starting position of the digestion system. It has a crucial role to harmonize gut-brain connection to maintain homeostatic constancy.