Dental radiographic findings in 18 individuals with SATB2 -associated syndrome

Objective To characterize the radiographic dental phenotype of individuals with SATB2 -associated syndrome (SAS). Materials and methods Participants were evaluated by a multidisciplinary team during a concurrent clinic conducted during the 1st international SAS family meeting held in 2017 at a single institution. Whenever possible, panoramic and/or periapical radiographs were obtained in clinic or previously obtained and provided by the caregiver. Results Of the 37 individuals evaluated, 18 (12 males, median age 8.5 years) underwent radiographic examination. Dental radiographs revealed anomalies in all individuals starting at 2 years of age. The most consistent finding was delayed development of the mandibular second bicuspids (83%) with other common radiographic findings including delayed development of the roots of the permanent teeth (78%), severely rotated (56%) or malformed teeth (44%), and taurodontism (44%). Conclusions Dental anomalies are fully penetrant and can be documented radiographically in all individuals with SAS. Clinical relevance Dental radiographic findings of delayed second premolar development and delayed development of permanent root formation, especially concurrent with findings of taurodontism and malformed teeth, support a clinical suspicion for SAS and should help differentiate SAS from other neurodevelopmental syndromes.