An experimental study on the impact of cinema theater reflections on users’ perceived intra-frame dynamic range

Due to rapid technological progress in high dynamic range (HDR) video capture and display, perceived contrast by users of HDR technology is becoming increasingly important in the visual signal processing chain. More specifically, when considering a higher contrast and brightness range in cinema, it is essential to understand the limits of visual perception under specific viewing conditions and brightness levels. A field experiment was conducted to test the effect of light scattering and reflections from the cinema theater on users’ perceivable dynamic range. We investigated how the perceivable dynamic range evolves with various background levels and different strengths and shapes of local highlights. Results showed a significant effect of image composition and the average picture level on the perceivable near black dynamic range. In addition to the limitations of the human visual system, one needs to consider the limitations of a theatrical projection setup where bright elements in the image via reflections on the walls, ceiling, floor, seats, and audience contaminate the black elements of the image.