A Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space log-rank test for the two-sample problem

Weighted log-rank tests are arguably the most widely used tests by practitioners for the two-sample problem in the context of right-censored data. Many approaches have been considered to make weighted log-rank tests more robust against a broader family of alternatives, among them: considering linear combinations of weighted log-rank tests or taking the maximum between a finite collection of them. In this paper, we propose as test-statistic the supremum of a collection of (potentially infinite) weight-indexed log-rank tests where the index space is the unit ball of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). By using the good properties of the RKHSu0027s we provide an exact and simple evaluation of the test-statistic and establish relationships between previous tests in the literature. Additionally, we show that for a special family of RKHSu0027s, the proposed test is omnibus. We finalise by performing an empirical evaluation of the proposed methodology and show an application to a real data scenario.