Comparison of MRI and neurosonogram 1- and 2-dimensional morphological measurements of the newborn corpus callosum

Background Developmental abnormalities of the corpus callosum (CC) are linked to multiple neuro-developmental disorders, for which neonatal neuroimaging may allow earlier diagnosis and intervention. MRI is often considered the most sensitive imaging modality to white matter changes, while neurosonogram (NS) remains the clinical staple. This study assesses the correlation between MRI and US measurements of the neonatal CC using a protocol derived from established methodologies. Methods MR and NS images from an existing cohort of term infants (≥37 weeks gestational age) were studied. Length and area measurements of the CC made with linear (LUS) and phased array US (PUS) data were compared to those from MRI. Intra-observer reliabilities were estimated. Results Moderate-to-strong correlation strengths were observed for length measurements and the total area of the CC. Sectional area measurements showed poorer correlations. Bland–Altman plots support improved correspondence of length and total area measurements. LUS data appeared to correspond closer to MRI. All three modalities showed comparable repeatability. Conclusion NS correlates well with some MRI measurements of the CC and shows similar levels of repeatability, making them possibly interchangeable. Use of LUS, a technique rarely used for NS, may be preferable to the standard approach for morphological studies.