A Hand-Held Robot for Precise and Safe PIVC.

Peripheral intravenous catheterization (PIVC) is pervasively needed in hospitals. However, given the levels of precision and controllability needed for PIVC, this operation suffers from very low success rates. For young patients, about half of the first insertions fail. Robotic systems have great potential to effectively assist the operation and improve the success rates, which has led to the rece...