Behavioral and Health Outcomes Associated with Deployment and Non-Deployment Acquisition of Traumatic Brain Injury in Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans.

TBIs acquired during deployment are associated with different behavioral and health outcomes than TBI acquired in non-deployment environments. The presence of TBI during deployment is associated with poorer behavioral outcomes, as well as a greater lifetime prevalence of behavioral and health problems in contrast to veterans without deployment TBI. These results indicate that problems may persist chronically following a deployment TBI and should be considered when providing care for veterans. Veterans with deployment TBI may require treatment alterations to improve engagement and outcomes.