Results of genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients who undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with stent

Background Clopidogrel has provided beneficial effects in acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention. Different polymorphisms have been associated with differences in clopidogrel response. The aim of this study was to check if CYP2C19/ABCB1-genotype-guided strategy reduces the rates of cardiovascular events and bleeding. Methods This experimental study included patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stent. The prospective genotype-guided strategy (intervention group) was compared against a retrospective non-tailored strategy (control group). Primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome or stroke during 12months after intervention. Secondary endpoint was to compare the efficacy of the different antiplatelet therapies used in genotyping conditions. Results The study included 719 patients undergone stent, more than 86% with acute coronary syndrome. The primary endpoint occurred in 32 patients (10.1%) in the genotyping group and in 59 patients (14.1%) in the control group (HR 0.63, 95% CI (0.41–0.97), p =0.037). There was no difference in The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction major and minor bleeding criteria between the two groups (4.1% vs. 4.7%, HR=0.80, 95% CI (0.39–1.63), p=0.55). In intervention group, there was no difference in the rate of events in patients treated with clopidogrel versus patients treated with other antiplatelet treatments (9.1% vs 11.5% p=0.44), or bleeding (3.7% vs 4.6%, p=0.69). Conclusions The genotype-guided strategy could reduce the rates of composite of cardiovascular events and bleeding during 12months after percutaneous coronary intervention compared to a non-genotype-guide strategy.