Assessing variability for disease resistance and nutritional quality traits in an interspecific collection of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)

Rust and late leaf spot (LLS) resistance sources involving Arachis batizocoi, A. duranensis, A. cardenasii and A. sps Manfredi-5 were identified from field evaluation of interspecific derivatives (IDs) of groundnut in a disease nursery for two seasons. Although the sources displayed low levels of resistance compared to currently cultivated lines, they contribute allele diversity in groundnut breeding that has so far relied on alleles contributed from A. cardenasii for disease resistance. Multiple disease-resistant and agronomically superior IDs, ICGVs 11379, 10121, 10179, 05097, 02411 and 00248 involving A. batizocoi, A. duranensis and A. cardenasii can be used in breeding for groundnut improvement. Genetic variability for resistance to rust and LLS, yield and nutritional quality traits was influenced by genotype, environment and genotype x environment interaction effects in individual and pooled analyses. In case of FAD (fatty acid desaturase)-mutant alleles that govern high oleic trait, allele mining of IDs (110) showed that frequency of mutation in ahFAD2B is rare, whereas of ahFAD2A is common. High oleic lines were not detected among the IDs.