Mars global simulant MGS-1: A Rocknest-based open standard for basaltic martian regolith simulants

•A new mineral-based standard for martian regolith simulants is described.•The standard is based on Rocknest, the best characterized martian soil to date.•The MGS-1 simulants offer vast improvements over previous simulants.•MGS-1 simulants can be used for ISRU testing, astrobiology studies, and more.•The standard is sustainable, there is no single batch of simulant that will run out.