Identification of genomic regions harboring diversity between Holstein and two local endangered breeds, Modenese and Maremmana

•Genetic diversity of farm animals is going lost because of commercial production.•Major challenge is ensuring that livestock remain productive and efficient while maintaining their flexibility for future climate change.•There is a shortage of knowledge of the genes making a livestock breed adapted to a given environment.•Elucidation of the genes making endangered livestock different from cosmopolitan might be of great interest by representing an asset to face climate change.