Gate Tunable Organic Light Emitting Diodes: Principles and Prospects

This record summarizes our recent developments on gate-tunable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The key point is to modulate the charge carrier injection barrier by the applied gate potential. One way is to electrochemically dope charge carrier injection layer through porous electrodes. The electrochemically doped charge carrier layer thus form gate-tunable contact with porous electrodes. Another way is to modulate the work-function of electrodes that can have varied charge carrier injection barriers following the applied gate potential. Gate-tunable OLEDs based on these two working principles have been fabricated, characterized and demonstrated for displaying simple digitals and letters. New materials including dielectric, porous electrodes, work function tunable electrodes, and charge carrier injection materials have been further explored for performance improvement.