Student representations of dyadic and global teacher-student relationships: Perceived caring, negativity, affinity, and differences across gender and race/ethnicity

•Dyadic and global teacher-student relationships comprise similar components.•Perceived teacher caring is multidimensional and closely tied to academic factors.•Perceived relationship negativity has unique characteristics.•Sub-group analyses illustrate possible reciprocity of dyadic and global perceptions.•Perceived affinity warrants further exploration as a relationship component.