Update on Glucose in Critical Care

•Stress hyperglycemia occurs frequently during critical illness as a result of increased resistance to insulin.•The three domains of dysglycemia—stress hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and high glycemic variability—are associated with a poor outcome.•The risk-to-benefit ratio of intensive insulin therapy aiming at a blood glucose target ranging from 80 to 110 mg/dL have not been found beneficial in most interventional studies.•Glycemic control titrated to reach liberal glycemic ranges of blood glucose and personalized targets are currently investigated in clinical trials.