Structural, magnetic, and electrical properties of Gd-substituted LaFeO 3 prepared by co-precipitation method

Gd-substituted LaFeO 3 polycrystalline samples were prepared by the co-precipitation method. A detailed investigation of the structural, magnetic, and electrical properties of the La 1−x Gd x FeO 3 system was performed. The differences of the ionic radius and the electron configuration between Gd and La cause the distortion of the crystal structure. We have related it to the development of the magnetic and electrical properties. In addition, we provide the effect of the microstructure. The systematic variation of the octahedral-site tilting have been deduced by XRD, IR, and magnetic properties.