Landsharing vs landsparing: How to reconcile crop production and biodiversity? A simulation study focusing on weed impacts

•We aim to reconcile crop production and biodiversity in weed management.•We simulated landsharing and landsparing scenarios with a weed dynamics model.•Weed impact increased with the diversity of crops grown each year in the landscape.•It was possible to reconcile crop production and weed-mediated biodiversity.•Landsparing including fields or grass strips maximising biodiversity was best.