Correlation between Goal Orientation and Attitudes of Brazilian Elite Swimmers

IntroductionSwimming is an individual sport that arouses interest in studies due to its high profile and its development potential, however for the promotion of athletes possible factors related to motivation and attitudes must be taken into consideration bearing in mind the performance.According to Vernon (1973), motivation is a kind of inner strength that emerges, regulates and sustains all of our most important actions of human beings; however, motivation is an internal and self-experience.Therefore, we intend to cover in this study the achieving motive or reward individuals who practice sport have or submitting in their sports practice, it is in training or in competition. Fonseca and Balague (2001) report that the social cognitive approach, in turn, intends to evaluate the achievement of objectives (reflecting the criteria by which athletes assess their competence and define the success or failure of their participation in a particular mode) assuming the existence of two motivational orientation goals, or achieving goals: ego goal (when a person is fundamentally guides to show more income than the others) and the task goal (when the orientation is related to learning or to perform a task masterfully, Duda, 1993).Individuals who are oriented toward to ego are focused on the outcome that been from their involvement in the task, and realize that the competence results from the comparison with others. Those who are oriented to task are focused on improving their personal skills, and realize that jurisdiction is governed by selfcriteria mentioned (Nicholls 1984, 1989), i.e., orientation task athlete involves guidance for the assessment of whether performance based on achievement and judgment of their abilities through a process of comparison with himself, and ego orientated evaluates his/ her performance based on the result and judgment of their abilities through a process of comparison with others (Cid u0026 Blonde, 2010).Correlated to this, we may take into consideration that attitudes are connection to the motivational issues, since positive attitudes may cause athletes with a better performance opportunities. Attitude according Brito (1998) can be understood as a personal provision idiosyncratic present on all. Individuals, directed to objects, events or people, who assumes different direction and intensity according to the experiences of the individual, in addition, it has affective domain components, cognitive and motor. Succeeding Prat and Soler (2003) say that attitudes are contingent on the given situation and report on the behavior that the athlete would take against a potential moral conflict.Thus, attitude is a predisposition, affective and behavioral related to an object, or a particular way of specific objective (Rajechi, 1990). Thus, following the idea proposed by Faria et al. (2008), adapted the profile of positive attitudes towards mathematics taking into account the sports competitions, so the profile of subjects with positive attitudes are:* Have good feeling to an object or goal;* Have conviction that competition and/ or the sport is a constructive as well;* Willingness to learn and train in the sport;* Absence of difficulties in relation to compete in the sport;* Belief in the importance of the knowledge acquired in training;* Ensuring that sports and sports competition contribute to the development of the thinking of the human being;* Clarity of the importance of sport as a discipline;* Belief that a good teacher can change the stigma that sports competition is a difficult activity;* Confidence in a good performance in exercise and sports training;* Persistence to overcome;* Search results;* Like testing in control or friendly events.The outline of a participant with negative attitudes contains the following features:* Bad feelings about the sports competition;* Aversion to sports learning;* Frustration in sports competitions;* Difficulties regarding exercise during sports training;* Skepticism about the importance of the knowledge acquired in sports training;* Disappointment about the outcome of sports competitions;* fear of feeling in relation to sporting events;* Desire to give up sports competitions;* Do not have the feeling of self-overcome this;* Poor performance during sports training;* Poor performance in control or friendly events;* Lack of persistence in training or in competition;* Lack of confidence in a good performance in the exercise or competition. …