A review on application of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic for sustainable development of aquaculture

Aquaculture is one of the fastest emerging food producing sectors of the world. World aquaculture has immensely grown during the last few years as well as becoming an economically significant zone. However in this culture, aquatic organisms are subjected to stress condition that weakens fish immune system as well as increases the susceptibility to diseases. Thus, affects both economic development and socio-economic status of the local people in many countries. Disease control in aquaculture industry has been achieved by following different methods using traditional ways, synthetic chemicals and antibiotics. Application of antimicrobial drugs and pesticides has steered to the evolution of resistant strains of bacteria. Therefore, alternative methods are much more essential to maintain a healthy microbial environment in the aquaculture systems. The present review summarizes and discusses the effects of probiotic, prebiotic or synbiotic administration on growth performance, stress tolerance, intestinal microbiota, immune response and health of aquatic organisms.