The target value of oxygen saturation during the first 10 minutes after birth

BackgroundDuring neonatal resuscitation, careful oxygenation is needed. Pulse oximetry is recommended to evaluate the need for oxygenation, but it is not clear whether peripheral perfusion is adequate for the evaluation of arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)). Additionally, there has been no study on the changes in SpO(2) immediately after birth in Japan, despite the indispensable need for definitive oxygenation criteria. MethodsA prospective observational study was performed in neonates at gestational age 35-41weeks. An SpO(2) measurement probe was attached to the neonates immediately after birth at the right palm or wrist, and the perfusion index (PI), pulse rate, and SpO(2) were measured until 10min after birth. ResultsSixty neonates were examined. Stable PI was obtained soon after birth, preceding SpO(2) measurement. The median PI (%) was constant at approximately 1.3, and the median SpO(2) at 2-10min was 70%, 81%, 82%, 87%, 89%, 92%, 92%, 94%, and 95%, respectively. The current target value for SpO(2) in the Neonatal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (NCPR) guideline in Japan is approximately the 25th percentile. ConclusionPI is stable and sufficient in the early postnatal period, meaning that peripheral perfusion is adequate for the measurement of SpO(2). The current target SpO(2) used in the NCPR guidelines is at approximately the 25th percentile and is thought to be sufficient for meeting oxygenation criteria.