Effects of dyslipidaemia on monocyte production and function in cardiovascular disease

Key Points The mononuclear phagocyte system comprises heterogeneous cells derived from fetal and bone marrow precursors Seeding of fetal tissue macrophages is distinct from monocyte-derived macrophages, highlighting the independent effector functions of monocyte subsets Dyslipidaemia, characterized by hypercholesterolaemia and/or hypertriglyceridaemia, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease Dyslipidaemia increases the production of monocytes through myelopoiesis Blood monocyte subsets under dyslipidaemic conditions change their behaviour and activation, and increase their extravasation in response to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and cholesterol