Magnetochromic Sensing And Size-Dependent Collective Excitations In Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

We combine optical and magneto-optical spectroscopies with complementary vibrational and magnetic property measurements to reveal finite length scale effects in nanoscale alpha-Fe2O3. Analysis of the d-to-d on-site excitations uncovers enhanced color contrast at particle sizes below approximately 75 nm due to size-induced changes in spin-charge coupling that are suppressed again below the superparamagnetic limit. These findings provide a general strategy for amplifying magnetochromism in alpha-Fe2O3 and other iron-containing nanomaterials that may be useful for advanced sensing applications. We also unravel the size dependence of collective excitations in this iconic antiferromagnet.