Improving photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells: The interfacial modification role of aluminum chloride and ammonia on ZnO nanorods

ZnO nanorods (ZnO NRs) as electron transport layer (ETL) in organometal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) had been prepared because of ZnO exhibiting excellent electron mobility and light transmission performance. The ZnO NRs were modified with a simple solvothermal method using aluminum chloride (AlCl3) and ammonia (NH3 center dot H2O) as precursor solution, the primary advantage of this approach was low temperature, simple process. The concentration of the precursor solution was further investigated, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.1% was achieved.