Structural fragility of T-joint connections in large-scale piping systems using equivalent elastic time-history simulations

•Focuses on Seismic fragility of nonlinear piping systems based on bayesian inference.•Evaluates existing equivalent linearization techniques to inelastic piping problems.•Introduces the concept of “Equivalent Linear Limit State”.•Formulates a Bayesian framework to update fragility using time-history analyses.•Illustrates the framework with an example of a full-scale hospital piping.