Introduction to Neuromuscular Ultrasound

Neuromuscular and musculoskeletal medicine is witnessing rapid development of high-resolution ultrasound, the advantages of which include absence of radiation exposure, no absolute contraindications, cost-effectiveness, dynamic imaging and repeatability. The present paper reviews the use of ultrasound in evaluating localized muscle and peripheral nerve lesions. Ultrasound can also be used to detect muscle fasciculations and fibrillations. It also enables detection of morphological changes accompanying chronic myopathies. Ultrasound is a valuable tool to guide various interventional procedures (fluid aspiration, botulinum toxin injection, joint injections, nerve blocks etc).