Real-time method for resonant frequency detection and excitation frequency tuning for piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers

Estimating the resonance frequency of a piezoelectric transducer and adjusting the operating frequency accordingly are crucial issues when maximum energy conversion is targeted during real-time operation. This paper presents a real-time method to detect the resonance frequency of a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer during its operation and tune the operational frequency accordingly in order to improve the transducer energy conversion performance.