Risk factors associated with carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage: A case–control study in a Spanish tertiary care hospital

•Case-control study to identify risk factors for carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage.•This study included 87 cases, 200 controls. Multivariate analysis identified length of stay previous hospitalization, antibiotic use and corticosteroid use as independent risk factors for CPKP rectal carriage.•Adherence to infection control practices and directed surveillance programs appear to be critical components for CPKP control programs.