Identification Of An Orthologous Clade Of Peroxidases That Respond To Feeding By Greenbugs (Schizaphis Graminum) In C-4 Grasses

Knowledge of specific peroxidases that respond to aphid herbivory is limited in C-4 grasses, but could provide targets for improving defence against these pests. A sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) peroxidase (SbPrx-1; Sobic.002G416700) has been previously linked to biotic stress responses, and was the starting point for this study. Genomic analyses indicated that SbPrx-1 was part of a clade of five closely related peroxidase genes occurring within a similar to 30kb region on chromosome 2 of the sorghum genome. Comparison of this similar to 30-kb region to syntenic regions in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) identified similar related clusters of peroxidases. Infestation of a susceptible sorghum cultivar with greenbugs (Shizaphis graminum Rondani) induced three of the five peroxidases. Greenbug infestation of switchgrass and foxtail millet plants showed similar inductions of peroxidases. SbPrx-1 was also induced in response to aphid herbivory in a greenbug-resistant sorghum line, Cargill 607E. These data indicate that this genomic region of C-4 grasses could be valuable as a marker to assess potential insect resistance in C-4 grasses.