Reflection and transmission measurements using 60 GHz patch antennas in the presence of animal tissue for non-invasive glucose sensing

This paper presents reflection and transmission measurements in the 58 – 62 GHz frequency range through a pig's ear while the animal was subject to a blood glucose test. The paper first presents results of reflection measurements when patch antennas are placed at different locations around the ear and before any glucose injection is performed. Second, transmission measurements were taken for different frequencies as the blood glucose was changing over time, showing a good correlation between the recorded signals and the measured glucose levels. The motivation behind these measurements is to design a sensor that can achieve accurate detection of glucose concentration levels without drawing blood (non-invasively).