SO3H-functionalized organic-inorganic ionic liquids based on polyoxometalates characterization and their application in CC coupling reaction

Different ionic liquids (ILs) with SO3H as functional group were achieved by combining SO3H-functionalized organic cations and polyoxometalates (POM). The obtained salts were characterized and their catalytic activities investigated in CC coupling between benzhydrol and aromatic compounds at neat conditions, including the effect of organic cations, influence of POMs, optimization of reaction conditions, and reusability of the catalyst. Furthermore, Recovery, reusability and activity of ILs as heterogeneous catalysts were studied at least four times.