Functional neuroanatomy of meditation: A review and meta-analysis of 78 functional neuroimaging investigations

•We review and meta-analyze 78 functional neuroimaging studies of meditation.•We find distinctive activations and deactivations for four meditation techniques.•Multiple practices recruit insula, frontopolar cortex and dorsal anterior cingulate.•Medium effect sizes accompany activations (d=0.60) and deactivations (d=−0.74).•Various meditation techniques are reliably associated with different brain activity.