Roles of IDH1/2 and TET2 mutations in myeloid disorders

Mutations of the epigenetic enzymes isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2, and the methylcytosine dioxygenase ‘ten–eleven translocation 2’ (TET2), are common in human myeloid malignancies and drivers of these disorders but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. This review examines mutant IDH1/2 and TET2 enzymes in the context of responses to DNA damage and their potential involvement in age-related genomic instability. The clinical relevance of these findings and their potential application in novel therapeutic strategies is also discussed.