Multi-objective optimization for a large scale retrofit program for the housing stock in the North East of England

In this study, a dynamic model was developed to simulate the housing stock in the North East region of England. This model takes input from the English Housing Survey database and uses EnergyPlus as its simulation engine. A range of retrofit options was applied to the housing stock, to examine the possible CO2 reductions corresponding to different scenarios. By embedding a multi-objective optimization package into the process for making decisions on retrofit solutions, it is possible to identify the most cost-effective combinations of all measures across the housing stock. By ranking the optimal solutions from the lowest to the highest cost, the trend of the uptake of individual retrofit measures could be obtained. The findings will support the development of strategies for retrofitting the housing stock in the region. This framework can be applied to housing stocks at sub-regional or national level. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.