Adaptive responses of quinoa to diverse agro-ecological environments along an altitudinal gradient in North West Argentina

•Crop duration determines agro-ecological adaptation of quinoa genotypes across an altitudinal gradient in NWA.•A significant proportion of variation in development in NWA is accounted by genotypic effects indicating strong heritability of selection for duration of development.•Variation in response to temperature and photoperiod is strongly associated with traits characterizing the environment of origin.•This variation explains that in yield between environments and genotypes.