Dependence motives of young adult users of electronic nicotine delivery systems.

•Motivational processes of nicotine dependence influence tobacco use behaviors.•Tolerance and loss of control are associated with past 30-day vaping frequency.•Tolerance, automaticity, and loss of control are associated with daily vaping frequency.•Loss of control, craving, and tolerance are associated with lifetime ENDS quit attempt.•The relationship between craving and lifetime ENDS quit attempt is stronger among males than females.