Holographic Microbubble Actuators for Microfluidic Manipulation and Particle Assembly

We report holographic microbubble actuators for micro fluidic manipulation and particle assembly. Taking advantage of the high photothermal conversion efficiency of nanoporous gold disk arrays, we characterize the microbubble size vs. laser power and show that this platform is highly efficient. By forming multiple microbubble at arbitrary locations using holography, sophisticated microfluidic functions such as valving has been achieved. The microbubble also enables high-efficiency assembly of micro/nanoparticles.